裝載機(jī)發(fā)動機(jī)減振妙招

發(fā)動機(jī)是裝載機(jī)主要振動源，而發(fā)動機(jī)振動的傳播直接影響到裝載機(jī)的整機(jī)可靠性和使用壽命，同時也使司機(jī)的乘坐舒適性變差，降低工作效率，因此要應(yīng)用現(xiàn)代設(shè)計方法和手段，減少或消除發(fā)動機(jī)在工作過程中所產(chǎn)生的有害振動，那么應(yīng)該采取哪些方法減振呢？

1、控制振源
改善發(fā)動機(jī)平衡性能、動力學(xué)性能、零部件的加工與裝配精度等。削弱機(jī)振源和避免共振首先應(yīng)從設(shè)計階段考慮，要在整體設(shè)計中貫穿系統(tǒng)工程思想，充分應(yīng)用現(xiàn)代設(shè)計方法，如有限源設(shè)計、可靠性設(shè)計、穩(wěn)健設(shè)計、優(yōu)化設(shè)計、計算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計以及智能系統(tǒng)和專家系統(tǒng)設(shè)計。
Improve engine balance of performance, dynamics performance, precision machining and assembly of components and so on. Weaken the machine and avoid resonance vibration source should first consider the design stage, to the overall design of the system throughout the project idea, the full application of modern design methods, such as finite source of design, reliability design, robust design, optimization design, computer-aided design and intelligent systems and expert system design.

2、振動的隔離
橡膠支承一般安裝在車架上，根據(jù)受力情況分為壓縮型、剪切型和壓縮剪切復(fù)合型等。壓縮型結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，制造容易，應(yīng)用廣泛且由于自振頻率較高，一般限于垂直方向上使用。鋼絲繩作為減振元件，具有低頻大阻尼的高頻低剛度的變參數(shù)性能，因而能有效的降低機(jī)體振動。液壓支承系統(tǒng)對發(fā)動機(jī)大幅振動起到迅速衰減的作用，中高頻時具有較低的動剛度、能有效得降低駕駛室內(nèi)的振動與燥聲。
Rubber bearing is usually installed on the frame, according to the forces into compression type, shear and compression shear complex type. Simple compression-type structure, easy to manufacture a wide range of applications due to the high natural frequency, is generally limited to use in the vertical direction. Variable parameters of performance as a high-frequency low-rigidity damping element rope, with a low frequency and large damping, which can effectively reduce body vibration. Hydraulic support system for engine vibration plays a significant role in the rapid decay, with a low dynamic stiffness in the high frequencies, can effectively reduce the cab was vibration and dry sound.

3、發(fā)動機(jī)振動的控制
動力吸振器屬于榨頻帶控制，采用粘彈性阻尼材料具有很高的能量損耗，當(dāng)振動傳到阻尼材料時，在材料內(nèi)部產(chǎn)生拉伸、彎曲、剪切等變形，從而消耗大量的振動能量，使振動衰減。
DVA are squeezed band control, using viscoelastic damping material has a high energy loss, when the vibration damping material spread, generated within the material stretching, bending, shear deformation, which consume large amounts of vibrational energy, so vibration attenuation.